Which factors are crucial when selecting fill material for a site?

Selecting fill material for a site involves several critical factors that ensure stability, safety, and suitability for construction or landscaping. The correct choice emphasizes compaction capability, moisture content, and compatibility with existing soil, all of which are vital considerations in the earthwork process.

Compaction capability is essential because the fill material must be densified to provide adequate support for structures. If the material cannot be effectively compacted, it may settle over time, leading to uneven surfaces and potential structural issues.

Moisture content plays a significant role as well; if the fill material is too wet or too dry, achieving optimal compaction can be challenging. Proper moisture levels help the material bond together during compaction, enhancing stability and reducing the risk of future settlement.

Compatibility with existing soil is also critical. If the fill material does not match the physical and chemical properties of the surrounding soil, it can lead to problems like poor drainage, increased erosion, or even material failure. For example, using a highly expansive clay fill next to sandy soil can create differential settlement issues.

Other options, while they might touch upon related aspects, do not address the fundamental engineering and geological characteristics that are necessary for effective fill material selection. Hence, these factors distinctly highlight why they are paramount in the