What role do environmental impact assessments play before starting excavation?

Environmental impact assessments (EIAs) are crucial tools in the planning process of excavation and other construction projects. They assess the potential effects a project may have on the environment, including air and water quality, wildlife, vegetation, and local communities. By evaluating these impacts before excavation begins, project planners can identify potential environmental risks and implement measures to mitigate them.

This proactive approach not only helps protect natural resources but also ensures compliance with environmental regulations, which can vary by location and type of project. The purpose of the assessment is to provide a thorough understanding of the implications of the proposed work, allowing for informed decision-making that balances development needs with environmental protection.

Considering the context of the other options, they do not accurately reflect the critical function of EIAs. While they may incur costs, the primary goal is to ensure environmental consciousness in project planning, rather than simply adding costs. Furthermore, EIAs are generally required for a wide range of projects, not just limited to urban areas or dependent solely on the project's size.