What is the role of grading in earthwork?

Grading plays a critical role in earthwork primarily by shaping the land to create a level surface and managing water drainage effectively. A key function of grading is to ensure that the area is prepared for construction or other development projects by leveling uneven terrain, which helps provide a stable foundation. Additionally, proper grading directs water flow away from buildings and structures, preventing water accumulation that could lead to erosion or structural damage. This drainage management is essential for maintaining the integrity of the landscape and ensuring the safety and longevity of constructions placed on graded land.

The other options do not capture the primary purpose of grading in earthwork accurately. Adding decorative features focuses more on aesthetics rather than the functional objectives of grading. Transporting heavy equipment is a logistical activity, not a role of grading itself. Measuring soil density pertains to soil analysis rather than the surface preparation aspect that grading addresses directly. Thus, the importance of grading lies in its ability to create a suitable landscape for construction and effective water management.