What are "mass earthworks"?

Mass earthworks refer to large-scale excavation projects that involve significant movement of soil and rock. These projects often occur on a grand scale, typically in construction activities such as building roads, dams, or large facilities, where vast quantities of earth are moved to create level surfaces, embankments, or other forms of terrain.

The defining characteristic of mass earthworks is the volume of material that is displaced, which distinguishes them from other types of earth-related projects. This extensive soil movement requires proper planning, equipment, and techniques to ensure the work is done safely and efficiently while mitigating environmental impacts.

In contrast, small-scale excavation projects, landscaping efforts, or utility trench excavations typically involve less earth being moved and are driven by different objectives. Hence, these are not classified as mass earthworks.